How to Winterize Your Home Plumbing: A Step-by-Step Guide

August 15, 2024

Winterizing your plumbing and HVAC systems is one of the most essential maintenance tasks you can do as a homeowner. Taking proper precautions before the cold sets in prevents frozen pipes, heating problems, and water damage. As a bonus, winterizing your HVAC systems will save you money on energy costs and ensure efficient operation year-round.



The key is to plan ahead. If you do not have a plan and fail to act, the consequences can be severe. Water in pipes can freeze when the temperatures drop too low, which can result in cracks and leaks that lead to water damage. Heating systems that are not properly maintained have to work harder to regulate indoor temperatures, making energy bills skyrocket. Proactively servicing these systems and tackling small issues before winter minimizes the risks of weather-related damage and expensive repairs.


Understanding Winterization

The term “winterization” refers to the steps taken to prepare your home for the winter months. For many homeowners, this entails packing up summer gear and getting ready for the holidays, cold weather, and more. It also includes measures to prevent frigid temperatures and harsh weather conditions from damaging pipes, plumbing fixtures, and HVAC systems.

Air Conditioner Winterization

Fall is a time of change. One thing that many homeowners often overlook is their air conditioning. There are many reasons why it’s important and smart to winterize the condenser, which is the unit that sits outside your home. For starters, it helps prevent wear and tear caused by winter elements. Winterization will extend the lifespan of your cooling system and save you money by not having to replace it before you need to. Here are some tips to get your outdoor unit ready for winter


• Remove debris from the unit. It’s common for the condenser to collect leaves, grass clippings, twigs, and other materials throughout the warm months that can interfere with your cooling system’s operation.


• Wax the outside of the unit. Just like your car, a coating of wax applied to the exterior of your condenser unit can protect the metal surfaces from rain, snow, and sleet.


• Cover the unit. Adding a protective plywood cover to the top of the condenser prevents debris and moisture from accumulating in the unit. The plywood should be a little larger than your air conditioner, and you can weigh it down with bricks or stones on the four corners of the wood.


• Remove snow and ice buildup throughout the winter. After each storm, make cleaning off your exterior air conditioning unit part of your snow-clearing tasks, like shoveling walkways and brushing off your car. 


While plywood covers protect air conditioners effectively, you should never cover your unit in plastic. While this seems like a good idea, wrapping your outdoor unit in non-breathable materials will trap moisture. This moisture can lead to rusting and deterioration of internal components. Also, it creates an environment that may appeal to small animals. 


Plumbing Winterization

Before the temperature drops below freezing, you need to take precautions to prevent frozen and burst pipes. Here are a few key steps to take:


• Insulate exposed water pipes in unheated areas like crawl spaces, attics, and garages. Use pre-slit foam tubing wraps designed for pipes. Make sure to wrap elbow joints and valves, too.


• Drain and disconnect all outdoor hoses and shut off any outdoor faucets. Installing hose bib shut-off valves can make this easier. Turn off the shut-off valve from the inside, then open the outdoor faucet to drain the remaining water.


• Seal any openings or cracks in areas housing water pipes. Use caulk or expandable foam to prevent cold air from reaching the plumbing.


• Wrap pipes close to exterior walls with heat tape. Make sure to use UL-listed heat tape and install it correctly to prevent fire risks.



Taking these preventative measures helps avoid burst pipes and water damage during cold weather. Keeping pipes warm is achieved with insulation while removing standing water from outdoor faucets reduces the risk of them freezing. 


Heating System Winterization

Winterizing your heating system is crucial for efficient operation and cost savings. One task you can perform is changing the air filter. A clogged air filter can interfere with the airflow your heating system needs to operate efficiently. Experts recommend that you change out air filters at least every three months. However, you should inspect them at least once a month. Monthly inspections are necessary because air filters can get dirty faster based on several factors, such as when your system runs more than usual during extreme weather.


Another task that will improve your heating system’s efficiency is ensuring that the supply and return vents in your home are not blocked. Furniture, area rugs, and even blankets and curtains can obstruct your HVAC system’s airflow. You should also check that the supply vents have not been unintentionally switched to a closed position during the warmer months. 


Next, inspect the thermostat. Make sure it is calibrated so that it can accurately control the temperature. A simple method to complete this task is to tape a reliable thermometer to the wall next to the device. Wait about an hour, then compare the thermometer’s reading to your thermostat’s. If the temperatures are within a few degrees of each other, your device is calibrated correctly. You should replace a faulty thermostat to ensure the comfort of household members and lower energy costs.


One of the most essential tasks to make sure your heating system is ready for the frigid temperatures of winter is to have it tuned up by a HVAC professional. As part of this service, they will inspect your system and fix minor issues that can turn into expensive emergency repairs. They will also clean your heating system’s internal components, lubricate moving parts, and check for loose electrical connections. Investing in preventative maintenance helps keep your furnace running efficiently and safely.


When Should You Winterize?

The general recommendation is to complete winterization tasks approximately one to two months before your region’s first expected frost or freeze. For many areas, October and November are good target months to aim for. If you wait until December or January, you risk exposing your plumbing and air conditioner to damage if a cold snap occurs before you get a chance to get them ready for winter.

Contact the Pros

While some basic winterization steps are relatively easy, having a professional handle your winter maintenance is highly recommended. An expert has the experience and knowledge to winterize your home’s systems thoroughly. Our technicians will inspect, test, and make any necessary repairs or adjustments to ensure your plumbing and HVAC systems are ready for winter.



At Fly Plumbing & HVAC, we are a family-owned business that has been serving the residents of Wheeling, IL and the surrounding areas for years. We install, maintain, and repair heating and cooling systems. In addition, we provide indoor air quality, duct cleaning, and plumbing services like drain cleaning and frozen pipe repair. Contact us at Fly Plumbing & HVAC today to schedule an appointment with one of our expert team members.


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By Donny Wells March 26, 2025
Heat pumps are a popular choice for both heating and cooling homes, offering energy efficiency and versatility. However, like any HVAC system, they can encounter problems that impact their performance. At Fly Plumbing, we understand the importance of keeping your home comfortable, which is why we’ve compiled a list of the top issues that heat pumps can face, from leaks to frozen coils. This guide will help you identify potential problems and understand how to address them. Understanding Heat Pumps Before diving into the common issues, it’s helpful to understand how heat pumps work. Heat pumps transfer heat from one location to another using a refrigeration cycle. In the winter, they extract heat from the outside air (even in cold temperatures) and transfer it indoors. In the summer, the process reverses, cooling your home by removing heat from the indoor air. While heat pumps are generally reliable, several factors can lead to performance issues. Here are some of the most common problems homeowners may encounter. 1. Refrigerant Leaks What Happens Refrigerant is the lifeblood of your heat pump, circulating through the system to facilitate heating and cooling. A refrigerant leak can lead to reduced efficiency, increased energy bills, and inadequate heating or cooling. Signs of a Refrigerant Leak Inconsistent Temperature: Rooms may feel warmer or cooler than the thermostat setting. Hissing or Bubbling Sounds: You may hear noises coming from the unit, indicating a refrigerant leak. Ice Buildup: Low refrigerant levels can cause the evaporator coils to freeze, leading to further complications. What to Do If you suspect a refrigerant leak, it’s essential to contact a professional HVAC technician. They can locate the source of the leak, repair it, and recharge the system with the appropriate amount of refrigerant. 2. Frozen Coils What Happens Frozen coils can occur in both the evaporator and condenser coils of your heat pump. When the coils freeze, airflow is restricted, and the system cannot operate efficiently. Causes of Frozen Coils Low Refrigerant Levels: Insufficient refrigerant can lead to freezing. Poor Airflow: Blocked or dirty air filters, closed vents, or issues with the blower fan can restrict airflow, causing the coils to freeze. Low Outdoor Temperatures: Extreme cold can cause the outdoor unit to freeze, especially if the heat pump is struggling to extract heat from the air. Signs of Frozen Coils Ice on the Coils: Visible frost or ice buildup on the coils. Reduced Heating or Cooling: The system struggles to maintain the desired temperature. What to Do To address frozen coils, first, turn off the heat pump to allow the ice to melt. Check and replace air filters if they are dirty, and ensure that vents are open and unobstructed. If the issue persists, call a professional to check for refrigerant levels or other underlying issues. 3. Thermostat Issues What Happens The thermostat controls your heat pump’s operation, adjusting the temperature according to your preferences. If it malfunctions, it can lead to inconsistent heating and cooling. Signs of Thermostat Issues Incorrect Temperature Readings: The thermostat displays a temperature that doesn’t match the actual room temperature. Unresponsive Controls: The thermostat doesn’t respond to temperature adjustments. Frequent Short Cycling: The system turns on and off rapidly, failing to maintain a consistent temperature. What to Do Check the thermostat settings and replace the batteries if applicable. If issues continue, it may need recalibration or replacement. An HVAC technician can help diagnose and repair thermostat problems. 4. Airflow Problems What Happens Proper airflow is crucial for your heat pump to function efficiently. Issues with airflow can lead to reduced efficiency and comfort. Causes of Airflow Problems Dirty Filters: Clogged air filters restrict airflow, causing the system to work harder. Blocked Ducts: Debris or obstructions in the ductwork can impede airflow. Fan Issues: Problems with the blower fan can lead to inadequate airflow. Signs of Airflow Problems Uneven Heating or Cooling: Some rooms are warmer or cooler than others. Noisy Operation: Strange noises may indicate airflow issues, such as a struggling fan. What to Do Regularly check and replace air filters, typically every 1-3 months, depending on usage and dust levels. Schedule routine maintenance to clean ducts and ensure that the blower fan is functioning correctly. 5. Drainage Issues What Happens Heat pumps generate condensation during operation, which must drain away properly. If the drainage system becomes clogged, it can lead to water damage and reduced efficiency. Signs of Drainage Issues Water Leaks: Puddles of water around the indoor unit. Increased Humidity: High indoor humidity levels, indicating poor drainage. What to Do Inspect the condensate drain line for clogs and clean it as needed. You can use a wet/dry vacuum to remove blockages. If you’re unsure, a professional can ensure proper drainage and prevent further issues. 6. Electrical Problems What Happens Electrical issues can arise from various components, including the compressor, capacitor, and wiring. These problems can lead to system failures or reduced efficiency. Signs of Electrical Problems Tripped Circuit Breakers: Frequent circuit breaker trips may indicate an electrical issue. Burning Smell: A burning odor from the unit can signal serious electrical problems. Unresponsive Unit: The system fails to turn on or responds intermittently. What to Do If you suspect electrical issues, turn off the heat pump and contact a licensed electrician or HVAC technician. Do not attempt to fix electrical problems yourself, as they can be dangerous. 7. Old Age and Wear What Happens Like any mechanical system, heat pumps have a lifespan, typically ranging from 10 to 15 years. As they age, wear and tear can lead to various issues. Signs of Aging Increased Energy Bills: Higher operating costs may indicate declining efficiency. Frequent Repairs: An increase in repair needs can signify that the unit is nearing the end of its life. Inconsistent Performance: Fluctuating temperatures or prolonged heating/cooling cycles may indicate age-related issues. What to Do If your heat pump is approaching the end of its lifespan, consider scheduling a replacement. An HVAC professional can help you evaluate your options and find a more energy-efficient model. Conclusion Heat pumps are an excellent choice for year-round comfort, but they can experience issues that impact their efficiency and performance. By being aware of these common problems—such as refrigerant leaks, frozen coils, and airflow issues—you can take proactive steps to maintain your system. Regular maintenance and prompt repairs will not only extend the life of your heat pump but also ensure a comfortable living environment. If you encounter any issues with your heat pump or need assistance with maintenance, don’t hesitate to reach out to the professionals at Fly Plumbing. We’re here to help you keep your home comfortable all year round!
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